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Often relegated to the damp corners of basements and crawl spaces, sump pumps guard your home against the perennial threat of water damage. However robust and reliable, like all mechanical devices they are not immune to problems. Yes, we know—troubleshooting a sump pump can be daunting and sometimes even feel impossible. That’s why this guide aims to demystify the process.
By the end, you'll know how to:
A sump pump is a relatively straightforward instrument, but its importance cannot be overstated. Typically installed in a sump basin —the lowest part of a basement or crawlspace—it detects water levels and pumps excess water away from your home.
The system comprises several key components:
Power failure is our prime suspect — we’ll get back to this in detail. Equally common is an issue with the float switch. If it becomes stuck due to debris or mechanical failure, it won't signal the pump to start. Additionally, debris accumulation in the sump basin can obstruct the float switch’s movement, preventing activation.
Another potential cause is a defective or improperly adjusted float switch. If set too high, it may not activate the pump even when water levels are rising. A jammed impeller can also prevent activation. In other cases, the pump motor may have burned out, especially if the pump has been overworked due to improper sizing or continuous running.
When this happens, the symptoms are usually evident. Water levels in the sump basin rise unchecked, and there's an ominous silence from the pump.
Start by ensuring the pump is connected to a power source and also check the circuit breaker. Next, inspect the float switch, removing any debris that might be impeding its function. If the switch itself is faulty, you might need to replace it to restore proper pump function. Additionally, check for any mechanical issues within the pump and ensure it’s the correct size for your needs to prevent overworking.
PREVENTION TIP: Regular cleaning of the sump basin ensures the free movement of the float switch.
A sump pump without power is a silent threat, especially during a deluge. Electrical issues, such as a tripped circuit breaker or faulty wiring, are common culprits. If your sump pump includes a battery backup, a dead or defective battery can also leave you without protection. Additionally, internal pump components can fail, rendering the unit powerless.
These are straightforward—inactivity despite rising water levels and a lack of operational noise.
Address this by checking all electrical connections and ensuring the circuit breaker is not tripped. If internal components are at fault, a professional inspection can diagnose and fix these issues, restoring your pump to working order.
PREVENTION TIP: Have a battery backup, test it regularly, and replace it as necessary.
A sump pump that never stops running can be as problematic as one that doesn't start at all. This situation might indicate a faulty float switch that fails to signal the pump to turn off. Alternatively, if the pump is undersized for the volume of water it's expected to handle, it may continue running in a futile effort to keep up. Speaking of the undersized: A sump pit too small for the volume of water collected will cause the pump to run excessively, eventually leading to burnout.
Another potential culprit is a malfunctioning check valve, which can allow expelled water to flow back into the sump basin, forcing the pump to operate perpetually.
You will notice either non-stop pump operation or a substantial increase in electricity consumption—whichever comes first.
To address the issue, you may need to replace the float switch or upgrade to a larger pump if the existing one is inadequate.
PREVENTION TIP: Inspecting and potentially replacing the check valve can prevent water from re-entering the basin, thereby reducing unnecessary pump activity.
Unusual noises emanating from your sump pump often signal trouble. Debris caught in the impeller is a frequent cause of such sounds. However, they can range from grinding and rattling to excessive vibration, and what’s worse, each sound indicates different problems.
Over time, the pump's bearings can wear out, leading to grinding noises. Additionally, improper installation can induce excessive vibration, causing the pump to rattle against the basin or surrounding structures.
If you hear strange noises from your sump pump, do not hesitate. Investigate promptly. Clear any debris from the impeller to eliminate potential obstructions. If the bearings are worn, they probably require replacing: a task you might manage with a bit of DIY know-how or by hiring a professional if you don’t.
PREVENTION TIP: Ensuring the pump is securely installed can also mitigate vibrations and associated noise.
When a sump pump fails to remove water effectively, it undermines its very purpose, leaving your basement vulnerable to flooding. This inefficiency can be caused by several factors, such as a frozen or clogged discharge pipe obstructing water flow, an underpowered pump struggling to cope with high water volume, or improper installation affecting the pump’s performance.
Persistent water in the sump basin and occasional flooding in the basement.
To resolve this, evaluate whether your pump’s capacity matches your home’s needs; if it doesn’t, upgrade it to a more powerful model. Also, inspect the check valve to see whether the arrow is pointing in the correct direction. If the check valve is stuck in the closed position, open it manually.
Turn off the power and inspect the impeller; replace it if the blades are worn or broken. Inspect the discharge line for leaks and repair any found to prevent water from returning to the basin.
PREVENTION TIP: Regularly inspect and clean the discharge pipe to avert blockages.
This issue can be attributed to several factors. One common cause is an improperly adjusted float switch. If the float switch is set too low, it will signal the pump to shut off before the basin is fully drained. Another potential cause is overheating. Sump pumps are equipped with thermal overload protection that shuts the pump down if it overheats, which can happen if the pump runs for extended periods or is clogged with debris.
The pump stops working while there is still water in the basin, leading to incomplete drainage and potential water damage.
To address this, start by adjusting the float switch to ensure it is set at the correct height. That step alone can often resolve the problem. However, if the problem persists, it may indicate that the pump is not the right size for your needs and requires upgrading.
PREVENTION TIP: Clean the pump and sump basin regularly to prevent debris from causing the pump to overheat.
A foul smell from your sump pump can indicate several issues, primarily related to stagnant water or bacterial growth. This problem often arises when the pump is infrequently used or when organic material accumulates in the sump basin. Additionally, a dry trap in the discharge line can allow sewer gas to seep into your home.
Well… you will smell the issue.
Clean the sump basin thoroughly to remove debris or organic material that could be causing the smell. Ensure that the basin is regularly cleaned to prevent future buildup. If the pump is not used frequently, consider periodically adding a small amount of bleach to the basin to kill bacteria and neutralize odors.
Additionally, check the discharge line for any blockages or leaks. If the trap is dry, pour water into it to create a barrier that prevents sewer gas from entering your home.
PREVENTION TIP: Regular maintenance and cleaning will keep your sump pump odor-free.
While many sump pump issues can be addressed with DIY troubleshooting, some require professional expertise.
Constant failures often indicate underlying problems that demand a thorough inspection and professional repair.
Certain repairs, such as electrical issues or internal component failures, are best handled by professionals. Attempting to handle those without proper knowledge can be dangerous and may result in further damage.
Professional installation ensures optimal performance and longevity. Experts can recommend the right pump for your needs and install it correctly, providing long-term protection for your home.
To request a quote for professional sump pump installation, repair, or maintenance services, visit our contact page. Your home’s protection is our priority!
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2175 NW 86th St
Suite 14C
Clive, IA 50325
1133 Libra Dr
Lincoln, NE 68512
12305 Gold St, Ste 2 Omaha, NE 68144
802 Bronze Rd, Unit 15
Grand Island, NE 68803
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